LESSONS LEARNED AT THE INTERFACE OF MEDICINE AND PSYCHIATRY
The Psychiatric Consultation Service at Massachusetts General Hospital sees medical and surgical inpatients with comorbid psychiatric symptoms and conditions. During their twice-weekly rounds, Dr Stern and other members of the Consultation Service discuss diagnosis and management of hospitalized patients with complex medical or surgical problems who also demonstrate psychiatric symptoms or conditions. These discussions have given rise to rounds reports that will prove useful for clinicians practicing at the interface of medicine and psychiatry.
Free Access: Please Log In
This content is completely free—but you need to be logged in to read the full article. If you already have an account, please log in below. Otherwise, register for free to unlock instant access.
References (71)
- Wesson DR, Ling W. The Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS). J Psychoactive Drugs. 2003;35(2):253–259. PubMed CrossRef
- Madras BK. The surge of opioid use, addiction, and overdoses: responsibility and response of the US health care system. JAMA Psychiatry. 2017;74(5):441–442. PubMed CrossRef
- Dasgupta N, Beletsky L, Ciccarone D. Opioid crisis: no easy fix to its social and economic determinants. Am J Public Health. 2018;108(2):182–186. PubMed CrossRef
- Pomerance B. Yet another war: Battling for reasoned responses for veterans amid the opioid crisis. 2018; 11 GOV’T L. REV. 147, 173.
- National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic: Balancing Societal and Individual Benefits and Risks of Prescription Opioid Use. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2017.
- Garami J, Valikhani A, Parkes D, et al. Examining perceived stress, childhood trauma and interpersonal trauma in individuals with drug addiction. Psychol Rep. 2019;122(2):433–450. PubMed CrossRef
- Larance B, Gisev N, Cama E, et al. Predictors of transitions across stages of heroin use and dependence prior to treatment-seeking among people in treatment for opioid dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018;191:145–151. PubMed CrossRef
- Trenz RC, Scherer M, Harrell P, et al. Early onset of drug and polysubstance use as predictors of injection drug use among adult drug users. Addict Behav. 2012;37(4):367–372. PubMed CrossRef
- Khantzian EJ, Mack JE, Schatzberg AF. Heroin use as an attempt to cope: clinical observations. Am J Psychiatry. 1974;131(2):160–164. PubMed CrossRef
- Khantzian EJ. The self-medication hypothesis of addictive disorders: focus on heroin and cocaine dependence. Am J Psychiatry. 1985;142(11):1259–1264. PubMed CrossRef
- Fricchione G. The neurocircuitry of attachment and recovery in Alcoholics Anonymous. Alcohol Treat Q. 2014;32(2–3):173–193. CrossRef
- Hari J. Everything you think you know about addiction is wrong (Ted talk). YouTube. July 9, 2015. Accessed December 23, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PY9DcIMGxMs
- Hari J. Chasing the Scream: The First and Last Days of the War on Drugs. New York, London: Bloomsbury USA; 2015.
- Davis J. “Miles Davis: Birth of the Cool” Connects Jim Crow Oppression to Davis’ Heroin Addiction. The Fix. Published April 17, 2019. Accessed May 10, 2020. https://www.thefix.com/miles-davis-birth-cool-connects-jim-crow-oppression-davis-heroin-addiction
- Gibbons FX, Etcheverry PE, Stock ML, et al. Exploring the link between racial discrimination and substance use: what mediates? what buffers? J Pers Soc Psychol. 2010;99(5):785–801. PubMed CrossRef
- Kunins HV. Structural racism and the opioid overdose epidemic: the need for antiracist public health practice. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2020;26(3):201–205. PubMed CrossRef
- Bailey ZD, Krieger N, Agénor M, et al. Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions. Lancet. 2017;389(10077):1453–1463. PubMed CrossRef
- Alexander M. The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. New York, NY: New Press; 2010.
- Netherland J, Hansen H. White opioids: pharmaceutical race and the war on drugs that wasn’t. Biosocieties. 2017;12(2):217–238. PubMed CrossRef
- Netherland J, Hansen HB. The war on drugs that wasn’t: wasted whiteness, “dirty doctors,” and race in media coverage of prescription opioid misuse. Cult Med Psychiatry. 2016;40(4):664–686. PubMed CrossRef
- Wildeman C, Wang EA. Mass incarceration, public health, and widening inequality in the USA. Lancet. 2017;389(10077):1464–1474. PubMed CrossRef
- Lagisetty PA, Ross R, Bohnert A, et al. Buprenorphine treatment divide by race/ethnicity and payment. JAMA Psychiatry. 2019;76(9):979–981. PubMed CrossRef
- Koob GF, Volkow ND. Neurobiology of addiction: a neurocircuitry analysis. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(8):760–773. PubMed CrossRef
- Chau DT, Roth RM, Green AI. The neural circuitry of reward and its relevance to psychiatric disorders. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2004;6(5):391–399. PubMed CrossRef
- Koob GF, Le Moal M. Addiction and the brain antireward system. Annu Rev Psychol. 2008;59(1):29–53. PubMed CrossRef
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Medications for Opioid Use Disorder. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 63. Publication No. PEP20-02-01-006. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2020.
- Strang J, Volkow ND, Degenhardt L, et al. Opioid use disorder. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6(1):3. PubMed CrossRef
- Eirich A, Biermann T, Müller CP, et al. Association of CamK2A genetic variants with transition time from occasional to regular heroin use in a sample of heroin-dependent individuals. Psychiatr Genet. 2019;29(1):18–25. PubMed CrossRef
- Merikangas KR, Stolar M, Stevens DE, et al. Familial transmission of substance use disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998;55(11):973–979. PubMed CrossRef
- Hurd YL, O’Brien CP. Molecular genetics and new medication strategies for opioid addiction. Am J Psychiatry. 2018;175(10):935–942. PubMed CrossRef
- Alexander BK, Beyerstein BL, Hadaway PF, et al. Effect of early and later colony housing on oral ingestion of morphine in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1981;15(4):571–576. PubMed CrossRef
- Robins LN, Helzer JE, Davis DH. Narcotic use in southeast Asia and afterward: an interview study of 898 Vietnam returnees. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1975;32(8):955–961. PubMed CrossRef
- Abraham A, Luty J. Testing for illicit drug use in mental health services. Adv Psychiatr Treat. 2010;16(5):369–379. CrossRef
- Nielsen S, Degenhardt L, Hoban B, et al. A synthesis of oral morphine equivalents (OME) for opioid utilisation studies. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2016;25(6):733–737. PubMed CrossRef
- Calculating Total Daily Dose of Opioids for Safer Dosage. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed June 15, 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/pdf/calculating_total_daily_dose-a.pdf
- Habal R.. Heroin Toxicity. Emedicine. December 16, 2018. Accessed June 18, 2020. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/166464-overview
- Cone EJ, Dickerson S, Paul BD, et al. Forensic drug testing for opiates, V: urine testing for heroin, morphine, and codeine with commercial opiate immunoassays. J Anal Toxicol. 1993;17(3):156–164. PubMed CrossRef
- Volkow ND, Jones EB, Einstein EB, et al. Prevention and treatment of opioid misuse and addiction: a review. JAMA Psychiatry. 2019;76(2):208–216. PubMed CrossRef
- Ma J, Bao YP, Wang RJ, et al. Effects of medication-assisted treatment on mortality among opioids users: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry. 2019;24(12):1868–1883. PubMed CrossRef
- Olsen Y, Sharfstein JM. The Opioid Epidemic: What Everyone Needs to Know. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2019.
- Maiti T, Das S, Ramasamy A, et al. An overview on medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid dependence. J Opioid Manag. 2020;16(2):141–149. PubMed CrossRef
- Smith L, Mosley J, Johnson J, et al. Probuphine (buprenorphine) subdermal implants for the treatment of opioid-dependent patients. P T. 2017;42(8):505–508. PubMed
- Dooley J, Gerber-Finn L, Antone I, et al. Buprenorphine-naloxone use in pregnancy for treatment of opioid dependence: retrospective cohort study of 30 patients. Can Fam Physician. 2016;62(4):e194–e200.
- Alford DP, LaBelle CT, Kretsch N, et al. Collaborative care of opioid-addicted patients in primary care using buprenorphine: five-year experience. Arch Intern Med. 2011;171:425–431. PubMed CrossRef
- LaBelle CT, Han SC, Bergeron A, et al. Office-based opioid treatment with buprenorphine (OBOT-B): statewide implementation of the Massachusetts Collaborative Care Model in community health centers. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2016;60:6–13. PubMed CrossRef
- Brooklyn JR, Sigmon SC. Vermont hub-and-spoke model of care for opioid use disorder: development, implementation, and impact. J Addict Med. 2017;11(4):286–292. PubMed CrossRef
- Stoller KB. A collaborative opioid prescribing (CoOP) model linking opioid treatment programs with office-based buprenorphine providers. Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2015;10(suppl 1):A63. CrossRef
- Stoller KB, Stephens MC, Schorr A. Integrated Service Delivery Models for Opioid Treatment Programs in an Era of Increasing Opioid Addiction, Health Reform, and Parity. American Association for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence. July 13, 2016. http://www.aatod.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/2nd-Whitepaper-.pdf
- Leary AA. A safe harbor in the opioid crisis: how the federal government should allow states to legislate for safe injection facilities in light of the opioid public health emergency. Brooklyn Law Review. 2019;84(2):19.
- Comissão para a Estratégia Nacional de Combate á Droga. Estratégia Nacional de Luta Contra a Droga: Relatório da Comissāo para a Estratégia Nacional de Combate á Droga. 1998. http://www.sicad.pt/BK/Publicacoes/Lists/SICAD_PUBLICACOES/Attachments/48/ENcomissao.pdf
- Hughes CE, Stevens A. What can we learn from the Portuguese decriminalization of illicit drugs? Br J Criminol. 2010;50(6):999–1022. CrossRef
- Petrocelli M, Oberweis T, Smith MR, et al. Assessing police attitudes toward drugs and drug enforcement. Am J Crim Justice. 2014;39(1):22–40. CrossRef
- Hammond AS, Dunn KE, Strain EC. Drug legalization and decriminalization beliefs among substance-using and nonusing individuals. J Addict Med. 2020;14(1):56–62. PubMed CrossRef
- Furr-Holden CD, Milam AJ, Nesoff ED, et al. Not in my back yard: a comparative analysis of crime around publicly funded drug treatment centers, liquor stores, convenience stores, and corner stores in one mid-Atlantic city. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2016;77(1):17–24. PubMed CrossRef
- Schatz E, Nougier M. IDPC Briefing Paper—Drug Consumption Rooms: Evidence and Practice. SSRN. June 22, 2012. Accessed March 10, 2021. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2184810
- Drug Consumption Rooms: An Overview Of Provision And Evidence. European Monitoring Centre For Drugs And Drug Addiction. June 7, 2018. https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/topics/pods/drug-consumption-rooms_en
- Broadhead RS, Kerr TH, Grund J-PC, et al. Safer injection facilities in North America: their place in public policy and health initiatives. J Drug Issues. 2002;32(1):329–355. CrossRef
- Stoltz JA, Wood E, Small W, et al. Changes in injecting practices associated with the use of a medically supervised safer injection facility. J Public Health (Oxf). 2007;29(1):35–39. PubMed CrossRef
- Wood E, Tyndall MW, Montaner JS, et al. Summary of findings from the evaluation of a pilot medically supervised safer injecting facility. CMAJ. 2006;175(11):1399–1404. PubMed CrossRef
- Stueck W. The arguments for and against Vancouver’s supervised injection site. The Globe and Mail. May 11, 2011. Accessed May 17, 2020. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/the-arguments-for-and-against-vancouvers-supervised-injection-site/article596153/
- Barry CL, Sherman SG, Stone E, et al. Arguments supporting and opposing legalization of safe consumption sites in the US. Int J Drug Policy. 2019;63:18–22. PubMed CrossRef
- National Judicial Opioid Task Force. Involuntary Commitment and Guardianship Laws: Persons with a Substance Use Disorder. National Center for State Courts; 2019.
- Rustad JK, Junquera P, Chaves L, et al. Civil commitment among patients with alcohol and drug abuse: practical, conceptual and ethical issues. Addict Disord Their Treat. 2012;11(3):136–145. CrossRef
- Satel SL, Farabee DJ. The role of coercion in drug treatment. In: Lowinson JH, Ruiz P, Millman RB, et al, eds. Substance Abuse: A Comprehensive Textbook. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2004:690–706.
- Christopher PP, Pinals DA, Stayton T, et al. Nature and utilization of civil commitment for substance abuse in the United States. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2015;43(3):313–320. PubMed
- Bhalla IP, Cohen N, Haupt CE, et al. The role of civil commitment in the opioid crisis. J Law Med Ethics. 2018;46(2):343–350. PubMed CrossRef
- Parsley L. The pandemic may fuel the next wave of the opioid crisis. National Geographic. 2020. Obtained May 17, 2020. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/04/coronavirus-pandemic-may-fuel-the-next-wave-of-the-opioid-crisis/
- Erdman SL. Drug overdose deaths jump in 2019 to nearly 71,000, a record high, CDC says. Cable News Network (CNN). July 16, 2020. Accessed September 22, 2020. https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/15/health/drug-overdose-deaths-2019/index.html
- Brouwer D. As Vermont Battled the Pandemic, Its Opioid Epidemic Worsened. Seven Days. September 16, 2020. Obtained September 22, 2020. https://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/as-vermont-battled-the-pandemic-its-opioid-epidemic-worsened/Content?oid=31226809
- 70. Facher L. COVID-19 has streamlined addiction medicine. Will the changes stick? Stat News. May 12, 2020. Accessed May 17, 2020. https://www.statnews.com/2020/05/12/coronavirus-addiction-medicine-reforms-future/
- Whaibeh E, Mahmoud H, Naal H. Telemental health in the context of a pandemic: the COVID-19 experience. Curr Treat Options Psychiatry. 2020;7(2):1–5. PubMed CrossRef
Please sign in or purchase this PDF for $40.